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Waste to Energy

🡨 Renewable Energy

⮟ Sector overview

⮟ Waste to Energy

In recent years, technologies have been developed that not only help in generating substantial quantity of decentralized energy but also in reducing the quantity of waste for its safe disposal.

The Ministry is promoting all the technology options available for setting up projects for recovery of energy in the form of Biogas/BioCNG/Electricity from agricultural, Industrial and urban wastes of renewable nature such as municipal solid wastes, vegetable and other market wastes, slaughterhouse waste, agricultural residues and industrial/STP wastes & effluents.

The increasing industrialization, urbanization and changes in the pattern of life, which accompany the process of economic growth, give rise to generation of increasing quantities of wastes leading to increased threats to the environment. In recent years, technologies have been developed that not only help in generating substantial quantity of decentralized energy but also in reducing the quantity of waste for its safe disposal.

The Ministry is promoting all the technology options available for setting up projects for recovery of energy in the form of Biogas/ BioCNG/ Electricity from agricultural, Industrial and urban wastes of renewable nature such as municipal solid wastes, vegetable and other market wastes, slaughterhouse waste, agricultural residues and industrial/STP wastes & effluents.

Types of Waste

There are different types of waste which are generated from our daily or industrial activities such as organic waste, e-waste, hazardous waste, inert waste etc. Organic waste refers to waste which degrades or broken down by microorganisms over time. All organic wastes are essentially carbon based compounds; though they may be diverse in nature and have different degradation rate. Organic waste has significant portion in overall waste generation in industrial/urban/agricultural sector and therefore it can be used for energy generation.

The organic fraction of waste can be further classified as non-biodegradable and biodegradable organic waste.

Biodegradable waste consists of organics that can be utilized for food by naturally occurring micro- organisms within a reasonable length of time. The biodegradable organic comprise of agro residue, food processing rejections, municipal solid waste (food waste, leaves from garden waste, paper, cloths/ rags etc.), waste from poultry farms, cattle farm slaughter houses, dairy, sugar, distillery, paper, oil extraction plant, starch processing and leather industries.

Non-Biodegradable organic materials are organics resistant to biological degradation or have a very low degradation rate. This primarily includes woody plants, Cardboard, cartons, containers, wrappings, pouches, discarded clothing, wooden furniture, agricultural dry waste, bagasse, rice husk etc.

https://mnre.gov.in/waste-to-energy/current-status

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